Bedford and Rai (2010) "Feminist Theorize International Political Economy"

1. Consumption in the North has redesigned economies in the global South.

Bedford and Rai (2010) argue that increased, debt-driven consumption in the North impacts economies in the South. Economic shifts burden women by increasing their labor inside and outside the home and forcing migration to industrial centers. These population shifts stress social infrastructures, making women more vulnerable to poverty and violence.

2. Scholars should address structures of capitalism, social reproduction, and exchange as well as women's agency within these structures.

Social reproduction includes biological reproduction of family and state, reproduction through unpaid labor in the home, and ideological reproduction. Social reproduction facilitates both oppression and the opportunity for resistance.