Hartmann (1979), "The Unhappy Marriage of Marxism and Feminism"

Hartmann (1979) argues Marxism has subsumed feminism in previous attempts at Marxist feminist theory. Marxism offers a background of economic theory, but this is not sufficient for theorizing women's position in both patriarchy and capitalism.

1. Economics is only one aspect of patriarchal domination.

Hartmann (1979) notes that men have dominated women economically, and that economics have functioned to subjugate women. However, she notes that Marxist theory simply argues that women are kept in the labor force. Feminist theory must also examine the ways other forms of women's labor are exploited by men. She specifically notes work in the home as one of these axes.

2. Patriarchy can be defined through capitalism, but is not synonymous with capitalism.

Hartmann (1979) defines patriarchy as social relations between men that work to oppress women. These relations have a material base. Though these relations are hierarchical, they work to empower men to dominate women as individuals and in groups.